COP30: Which ASEAN countries submitted NDCs on time, and which are still pending?

COP30 kicks off in Belém with leaders’ summit first on the agenda. (Photo: Paulo Mumia/COP30)

At the opening of the 30th UN Climate Change Conference (COP30) on Nov. 10, parties were expected to submit updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) ahead of the summit. According to the official UN registry, more than half of the 11 ASEAN member states have submitted their 2035 climate targets on time, with three countries doing so in just the past two weeks.

Singapore was the earliest among ASEAN members, updating its target in February. It was followed by Cambodia, Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand. The Philippines and Vietnam did not submit updated targets before the start of COP30.

Thailand: Net-zero target brought forward by 15 years

Despite recent political turmoil, Thailand submitted its updated climate target to the UN on Nov. 4. The country advanced its net-zero goal by 15 years to 2050, aiming to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions to 152 million tonnes of CO₂e—representing a 47% reduction from 2019 levels—at an average annual rate of 10% reduction.